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Record details
Organism
Record information and status
Record ID
100289
Status
Published
Date of creation
2009-07-22 21:18 UTC (manoela.miranda@cbd.int)
Date of last update
2015-01-07 20:01 UTC (dina.abdelhakim@cbd.int)
Date of publication
2015-01-07 20:01 UTC (dina.abdelhakim@cbd.int)
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Organism information
Scientific name
Pisum sativum
Taxonomic Classification
Kingdom
Plantae
Phylum
Magnoliophyta
Class
Magnoliopsida
Order
Fabales
Family
Fabaceae
Genus
Pisum
Species
sativum
Common name(s)
Garden pea
PEA
Additional Classification
Type of organism
Plants
Crops
Organism domestication
Domesticated
Characteristics related to biosafety
Centre(s) of origin
The wild pea is restricted to the Mediterranean basin and the Near East. The earliest archaeological finds of peas date from the neolithic era of current Syria, Turkey and Jordan. In Egypt, early finds date from ca. 4800-4400 BC in the Nile delta area, and from ca. 3800-3600 BC in Upper Egypt. The pea was also present in Georgia in the 5th millennium BC. Farther east, the finds are younger. Peas were present in Afghanistan ca. 2000 BC, in Harappa, Pakistan, and in northwest India in 2250-1750 BC. In the second half of the 2nd millennium BC, this pulse crop appears in the Gangetic basin and southern India.
Habitat range
The seeds may be planted as soon as the soil temperature reaches 10 °C (50 °F), with the plants growing best at temperatures of 13 to 18 °C (55 to 64 °F). They do not thrive in the summer heat of warmer temperate and lowland tropical climates, but do grow well in cooler, high altitude, tropical areas. Many cultivars reach maturity about 60 days after planting.
Geographical distribution
In the recent past the field pea was mainly used as a leguminous constituent in cereal/legume mixtures grown for arable silage (and this is still the main purpose for which it is used). Following breeding efforts in Europe, forage pea cultivars were developed which gave high yields of forage, 6-8 t/ha DM, circa 100 days after sowing when pure-sown (Flengmark, 1973). These forage cultivars have been increasingly used in Europe and other temperate areas e.g. north-central USA, though their use as short-term 'catch' crops is still secondary to their use in arable silage mixtures. Forage peas can also be grown in the tropics at high altitudes and as a cool-season (winter) crop in some regions with hot dry summers. Forage peas, and other legumes such as red clover, are being increasingly used in organic farming to supply a bulky, protein-rich crop.
Common use(s)
Food
Additional Information
Other relevant website address or attached documents
Pea - Wikipedia
Pisum sativum - FAO
Records referencing this document
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8
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ID
Description
8
record(s) found
Gene and DNA Sequence
3 records
Modified Organism
5 records
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